Who discovered the concept of vaccines?

The discovery of the concept of vaccines is attributed to Edward Jenner, who is known for developing the first successful smallpox vaccine in 1796. Jenner's work laid the foundation for immunology by demonstrating that exposure to a less virulent form of a disease could provide protection against a more virulent form. His use of cowpox material to inoculate against smallpox illustrated the principle of vaccination, which involves stimulating the immune system to recognize and fight off specific pathogens. This groundbreaking approach to disease prevention has had an enduring impact on public health and the field of medicine.

While other figures such as Louis Pasteur contributed significantly to the development of vaccines (notably the rabies and anthrax vaccines), the initial concept of vaccination itself was pioneered by Jenner, making his contribution vital to understanding the history of vaccines.